diff --git a/docs/SIM.md b/docs/SIM.md
index ae10f8c7..1960727a 100644
--- a/docs/SIM.md
+++ b/docs/SIM.md
@@ -890,24 +890,24 @@ PRTS 选择器, is not in the data): "地面敌人" / "不可对空" ⇒ `!e.isF
 without a projectile — `rangeAoe` profiles: "在攻击前摇结束时选取范围内的全体目标，同时造成伤害", PRTS 作战机制). Kit-settable profile flags beyond the
 table: `hitSleep` (targets and damages sleeping enemies — "可以攻击沉睡的敌人"), `onEachHit(b, u, victim, hctx)`, `dmgMul`,
 `afterHit`, `afterAttack`, `canAttack`, `hitsFn`, `priority`, `blockFly`, `noHeal`, `boomerang` (the projectile stays
-`'boomerang'` whatever the data's generic ranged projectile says), `rangeAoe` (likewise `'beam'`, with `allInRange`)
-(see the header of professions.js).
+`'boomerang'` whatever the data's generic ranged projectile says), `rangeAoe` (applied after every override: sets
+`allInRange` and, on a ranged profile, the instant `'beam'`) (see the header of professions.js).
 
 | sub | behaviour |
 |---|---|
 | fastshot | FLY first; module `atk_scale` vs FLY |
 | closerange, underminer, primcaster, corecaster, ritualist, summoner, counsellor, pioneer, fearless, fighter, protector, guardian, primprotector, executor, duelist | plain profile (numbers from data; skills/talents via kits). underminer module: weaken 10 % ATK 2 s on hit |
 | longrange | lowest DEF first |
-| aoesniper / splashcaster | splash 1.1 tiles around the struck target at full damage (Arknights Terra Wiki, Splash Caster: "a radius of 1.1 tiles centered on the target") |
-| blastcaster | `rangeAoe`: every enemy on its line at once, the same damage near and far, instant (`'beam'`) — "超远距离的群体法术伤害" is the whole line, not a splash (Terra Wiki, Blast Caster; PRTS 作战机制 §AOE伤害判定: 伊芙利特's 炎爆 is a 锁定攻击范围 AoE; community report E3) |
-| bombarder | ground-only splash 1.0 + aftershock(s) at 50 % ATK (bb append_atk_scale / times) |
+| aoesniper / splashcaster | splash 1.1 tiles around the struck target at full damage (PRTS 溅射半径一览: 扩散术师 1.1; Arknights Terra Wiki, Splash Caster). [OPEN] the same table gives 炮手 1.0 (none in the pool) and 格雷伊 1.0 |
+| blastcaster | `rangeAoe`: every selectable enemy on its line at once, the same damage near and far, instant (`'beam'`) — "超远距离的群体法术伤害" is the whole line, not a splash (PRTS 溅射半径一览 lists no splash for it; Terra Wiki, Blast Caster; PRTS 作战机制 §AOE伤害判定: 伊芙利特's 炎爆 is a 锁定攻击范围 AoE; community report E3). A stealthed enemy is not struck unless it is revealed or blocked (a 锁定范围 AoE cannot hit a 隐匿 unit, PRTS 作战机制) |
+| bombarder | ground-only splash 1.0 + aftershock(s) at 50 % ATK (bb append_atk_scale / times). [OPEN] PRTS 溅射半径一览 gives 投掷手 0.9 |
 | hunter | 8 bullets (bb value), ×1.2 ATK (bb atk_scale), reloads 1/s after 1 s without attacking; can't attack when empty |
 | loopshooter | 回环射手 (user playtest #3): every attack throws a boomerang (`ai.js throwBoomerang`, projectile `'boomerang'`) out to the target at 15 tiles/s — it hits on arrival — and back to the thrower's current position at 3.75 tiles/s without damage (PRTS 跃跃 "投射物飞行速度15，返回时飞行速度3.75"); attacks only while holding it (every boomerang thrown caught — "必须回收全部回旋投掷物才可以进行下一次攻击", `unit.trait.boomerangsOut`) and with the attack cooldown ready, so the real interval is the longer of the two; a target dead mid-flight is not hit (it still flies to the last position and back); knocked out / withdrawn ⇒ lost, a redeployed thrower holds a fresh one; 跃跃 S2's extra boomerangs share the one flight (cnt hits) |
 | reaperrange | hits every enemy in range; ×1.5 (bb atk_scale) on the trait front grid (or its own line ahead) — both along its direction |
-| chain | chain N (trait text/bb max_target) with −15 % per jump (bb chain.atk_scale), 1.8-tile jumps, sluggish on each hit |
+| chain | chain N (trait text/bb max_target) with −15 % per jump (bb chain.atk_scale), 1.8-tile jumps, sluggish on each hit. [OPEN] PRTS 溅射半径一览 gives 链术师 1.7 |
 | funnel | drone damage 20 % → +15 %/hit on the same target → 110 % (bb init/delta/max) |
 | mystic | stores up to 3 (bb times) attacks while idle, fires them all at once |
-| phalanx | no attack & DEF +200 %, RES +20 (bb) while the skill is off; while on, `rangeAoe`: each attack strikes every enemy on its range at once (blocked enemies included), the same damage near and far, instant (`'beam'`) — "群体法术伤害" (Terra Wiki, Phalanx Caster: "attacks hit all enemies within their range"; PRTS 林 S3 备注 "单次普攻最多触发1次效果"; community report E3: it used to be one bolt + a 1.1 splash) |
+| phalanx | no attack & DEF +200 %, RES +20 (bb) while the skill is off; while on, `rangeAoe`: each attack strikes every selectable enemy on its range at once (blocked enemies included; a stealthed one only when revealed or blocked), the same damage near and far, instant (`'beam'`) — "群体法术伤害" (PRTS 溅射半径一览 lists no splash for it; Terra Wiki, Phalanx Caster: "attacks hit all enemies within their range"; PRTS 林 S3 备注 "单次普攻最多触发1次效果"; community report E3: it used to be one bolt + a 1.1 splash). 卡涅利安's charged S1 keeps the skill-off trait, 不攻击 included (kit `canAttack`, PRTS 备注) |
 | physician | heal the lowest HP% injured ally in range (a skill `targeting.maxTargets` widens any heal profile) |
 | ringhealer | heal 3 allies |
 | chainhealer | heal bounces 3× (−25 %, bb chain.*) within 2.5 tiles |
diff --git a/public/js/render/fx.js b/public/js/render/fx.js
index 000e3321..6f1efbbd 100644
--- a/public/js/render/fx.js
+++ b/public/js/render/fx.js
@@ -111,8 +111,6 @@ const FLAME_TINTS = Object.freeze([0xffd27a, 0xffa94d, 0xff8a3d, 0xff5a2a]);
 const SHELL_RISE = 0.34, SHELL_UP = 5.5;
 /** 蕾缪安 S3 shell (fx 'bombardShell'); `look` 'mortar' is its own flight (_stepMortar). */
 const BOMBARD_SHELL = Object.freeze({ look: 'mortar', tint: 0xfff2d8, glow: 0xff9c33, trail: 0xffb35c, smoke: 0x3a3430, len: 1.3, width: 0.3, head: 0.56 });
-/** Sub-professions whose shells are arts (purple blast) — the rest explode orange. */
-const ARTS_SHELLS = new Set(['blastcaster']);
 /**
  * An fx anchored on a unit (extra.id) is drawn at that unit's rendered position while the event's own (x, y) is within
  * this many tiles of it (it happens on the unit); farther away the fx happens at (x, y) — the sim puts the caster in
@@ -482,15 +480,14 @@ export class FxSystem {
     const ux = dist > 1e-6 ? dx / dist : (src.facing || 1) >= 0 ? 1 : -1, uy = dist > 1e-6 ? dy / dist : 0;
     const hand = Math.min(0.28, dist * 0.3);   // the weapon is in front of the body
     const look = spec.look;
-    const arts = look === 'shell' && ARTS_SHELLS.has(this.ctx.subProfOf ? this.ctx.subProfOf(src.info?.defId) : null);
     pr.kind = kind; pr.spec = spec; pr.src = src; pr.tgt = tgt; pr.rise = 0;
     pr.x0 = src.x + ux * hand; pr.y0 = src.y + uy * hand; pr.z0 = chestZ(src);
     pr.tx = tgt.x; pr.ty = tgt.y; pr.tz = look === 'shell' ? feetZ(tgt) : chestZ(tgt);
     pr.t = 0; pr.fade = 0; pr.hit = false; pr.emit = Math.random(); pr.ang = Math.atan2(-uy, ux);   // ≈ on screen (rows run up)
     pr.dur = clamp(dist / projSpeed(kind) / this._ts(), 0.04, 1.5);
     pr.arc = spec.arc ? spec.arc * clamp(0.45 + dist * 0.18, 0.6, 1.8) : 0;
-    pr.glow = arts ? 0xb36bff : spec.glow;
-    pr.trailTint = arts ? 0xc77dff : spec.trail ?? spec.glow;
+    pr.glow = spec.glow;
+    pr.trailTint = spec.trail ?? spec.glow;
     // boomerang legs: kinematic, from (bx, by, bz) at constant speed towards the target, then back to the thrower
     pr.phase = 0; pr.bx = pr.x0; pr.by = pr.y0; pr.bz = pr.z0; pr.trav = 0; pr.d0 = Math.max(0.1, dist); pr.ux = ux; pr.uy = uy;
     pr.spin = Math.random() * 6;
diff --git a/server/sim/content/kits/tier4.js b/server/sim/content/kits/tier4.js
index 73be93ba..e2092931 100644
--- a/server/sim/content/kits/tier4.js
+++ b/server/sim/content/kits/tier4.js
@@ -16,8 +16,9 @@
 //   groupId `abyssal` (data/chess.json has no groupId: charIds from docs/research/03-operators.json).
 // - "友方干员" effects touch operators only (summons/devices excluded); SP gifts skip units whose timed skill runs
 //   (AK: no SP gain during a skill — the engine's gainSp enforces it too; the kits skip such units when picking).
-// - On-hit statuses of 卡涅利安's attacks apply to every enemy the attack damages — the 阵法术师 trait strikes every
-//   enemy on her range at once (professions.js `allInRange`, community report E3) — via a `damaged` hook.
+// - On-hit effects of 卡涅利安's attacks land on every enemy the attack strikes — the 阵法术师 trait strikes every enemy
+//   on her range at once (professions.js `allInRange` / `rangeAoe`, community report E3): S2's 停顿 / 束缚 via a
+//   `damaged` hook, the charged S3 mark via a `hit` hook (it applies before the damage, PRTS 备注).
 // - Dodge from a skill that adds to other dodge sources (焰尾 S3) is rolled independently in a `hit` hook, so the
 //   sources combine as 1 − Π(1 − p) (the same rule the engine now applies to stacked dodge mods).
 // - Operator loadouts (DESIGN §16): every selectable non-default skill of the 22 visible chess is authored in the kit's
@@ -39,6 +40,9 @@ const ABYSSAL = new Set(['char_143_ghost', 'char_263_skadi', 'char_474_glady', '
 const LINE = Object.freeze(Array.from({ length: COLS }, (_, i) => Object.freeze([0, i])));
 /** 卡涅利安 S3 食噬之印: the ATK bonus climbs in 1 s steps over 20 s (PRTS 备注; the blackboard has no ramp time). */
 const BILLRO_S3_RAMP = 20;
+/** 卡涅利安 S3 charged mark: one buff per enemy, shared by every 卡涅利安 (PRTS 备注), ≤ 5 stacks (skill text). */
+const BILLRO_MARK = 'billro:mark';
+const BILLRO_MARK_MAX = 5;
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // helpers
@@ -1716,10 +1720,15 @@ const kits = {
 
   // ===== 卡涅利安 (phalanx) S2 沙缚镣锁 — faster attacks on every enemy in range (the trait's 群体法术伤害), 0.3 s
   //       sluggish on each; charged: ATK +10 % and bind; talents
-  //       S1 沙暴守卫 (SEARCH: ATK/DEF up; charged — cast with every charge stored — the trait's DEF/RES guard stays on);
-  //       S3 食噬之印 (wider range, ATK +0 % → +140 %/+200 % in 1 s steps over 20 s — PRTS 备注; charged: every hit marks
-  //       its target, +20 % damage from her per mark, ≤ 5, until the skill ends). Talent 生命之餐 heals on every skill;
-  //       module PLX-X keeps part of the guard during any skill, PLX-Y (乡音): +3 % damage per enemy in range (≤ 5)
+  //       S1 沙暴守卫 (SEARCH: ATK/DEF up; charged — cast with every charge stored — "特性效果在技能期间继续生效", PRTS 备注
+  //       "应用蓄力时：应用技能未开启时的特性": the skill-off trait stays in force, the DEF/RES guard AND 不攻击 — she makes
+  //       no attack until the skill ends, a pure guard);
+  //       S3 食噬之印 (wider range, ATK +0 % → +140 %/+200 % in 1 s steps over 20 s — PRTS 备注; charged: each attack adds a
+  //       stack of the mark BEFORE its damage — PRTS 备注 "于攻击造成伤害前生效，多层效果之间加算叠加" — +20 % damage from
+  //       her per stack, ≤ 5, so ×1.2 on the first hit and ×2.0 from the 5th, until the skill ends; one mark per enemy:
+  //       another 卡涅利安 only adds stacks to it, the bonus is the setter's — PRTS 备注 popup). Talent 生命之餐 heals on
+  //       every skill; module PLX-X keeps part of the guard during any skill, PLX-Y (乡音): +3 % damage per enemy in range
+  //       (≤ 5)
   chess_char_4_24_a: (bb, chess, def) => {
     const t0 = tbb(def, 0), t1 = tbb(def, 1), mb = moduleBb(def);
     const tb = def.traitBb || {};
@@ -1727,15 +1736,17 @@ const kits = {
     const S1 = isSel(def, 'skchr_billro_1'), S2 = isSel(def, 'skchr_billro_2'), S3 = isSel(def, 'skchr_billro_3');
     const g = grid(def.skill?.rangeGrid);
     const isCharged = (skill) => skill.maxCharges > 1 && skill.charges + 1 >= skill.maxCharges; // cast with every charge stored
-    const markKey = (unit) => `billro:mark:${unit.id}`;
     return {
+      // charged S1: the skill-off trait's 不攻击 stays in force while the skill lasts (PRTS S1 备注) — no attack at all
+      trait: S1 ? { canAttack: (battle, u) => !(skillActive(u) && u.mem.billroCharged) } : null,
       skills: alt(def, {
         skchr_billro_1: () => ({
           kind: 'duration',
           mods: { atkPct: num(bb.atk), defPct: num(bb.def) },
           onStart({ battle, unit, skill }) {
             unit.mem.billroCharged = isCharged(skill);
-            // 蓄力额外效果：特性效果在技能期间继续生效 (the profession removes its own guard buff when a skill starts)
+            // 蓄力额外效果：特性效果在技能期间继续生效 (the profession removes its own guard buff when a skill starts; the
+            // kit trait's canAttack keeps the trait's 不攻击)
             if (unit.mem.billroCharged) battle.addBuff(unit, { key: 'billro:s1guard', mods: { defPct: num(unit.profile?.guardDef, 2), resFlat: num(unit.profile?.guardRes, 20) } });
             battle.fx('shell', { x: unit.x, y: unit.y, id: unit.id });
           },
@@ -1759,7 +1770,11 @@ const kits = {
           },
           onEnd({ battle, unit }) {
             battle.removeBuff(unit, 'billro:s3atk');
-            for (const id of unit.mem.billroMarked || []) { const e = battle.unitById(id); if (e) battle.removeBuff(e, markKey(unit)); }
+            // "持续至技能结束": the marks she set end with her skill (stacks another 卡涅利安 added to them included)
+            for (const id of unit.mem.billroMarked || []) {
+              const e = battle.unitById(id);
+              if (e && e.findBuff(BILLRO_MARK)?.source === unit) battle.removeBuff(e, BILLRO_MARK);
+            }
             unit.mem.billroMarked = null;
             unit.mem.billroCharged = false;
           },
@@ -1807,17 +1822,22 @@ const kits = {
           }, { owner: unit });
         }
         if (S3) {
-          // charged S3: each hit adds a mark (≤ 5) — +20 % damage taken from her per mark until the skill ends
+          // charged S3 食噬之印: each attack adds a stack BEFORE its damage (PRTS 备注 "于攻击造成伤害前生效"); stacks add up,
+          // +20 % damage taken from the mark's setter per stack. One mark per enemy (PRTS 备注 popup: "存在则为已有的BUFF叠加
+          // 一次加成，不存在则给与敌人仅对此卡涅利安的伤害生效的一个食噬之印BUFF"): another 卡涅利安 stacks it without the bonus
+          const per = num(bb['attack@damage_scale'], 0.2);
           battle.on('hit', (c) => {
-            if (c.source !== unit) return;
-            const m = c.target.findBuff?.(markKey(unit));
-            if (m) c.dmg.mul *= 1 + num(bb['attack@damage_scale'], 0.2) * (m.stacks || 1);
-          }, { owner: unit });
-          battle.on('damaged', (c) => {
             const e = c.target;
-            if (c.source !== unit || !c.dmg?.isAttack || e.side !== 'enemy' || !e.alive || !skillActive(unit) || !unit.mem.billroCharged) return;
-            battle.addBuff(e, { key: markKey(unit), refresh: 'stack', maxStacks: 5, duration: Math.max(0.1, (unit.skill?.timeLeft ?? 0) + 0.1), source: unit, visible: true });
-            unit.mem.billroMarked?.add(e.id);
+            if (c.source !== unit || e.side !== 'enemy') return;
+            let m = e.findBuff?.(BILLRO_MARK) || null;
+            if (c.dmg.isAttack && skillActive(unit) && unit.mem.billroCharged) {
+              if (m) battle.addBuff(e, { key: BILLRO_MARK, refresh: 'stack', maxStacks: BILLRO_MARK_MAX, duration: m.timeLeft });
+              else {
+                m = battle.addBuff(e, { key: BILLRO_MARK, refresh: 'stack', maxStacks: BILLRO_MARK_MAX, duration: Math.max(0.1, (unit.skill?.timeLeft ?? 0) + 0.1), source: unit, visible: true });
+                if (m) unit.mem.billroMarked?.add(e.id);
+              }
+            }
+            if (m && m.source === unit) c.dmg.mul *= 1 + per * (m.stacks || 1);
           }, { owner: unit });
         }
         if (!S2) return;
diff --git a/server/sim/content/kits/tier6.js b/server/sim/content/kits/tier6.js
index 95650c71..2b26629d 100644
--- a/server/sim/content/kits/tier6.js
+++ b/server/sim/content/kits/tier6.js
@@ -1749,7 +1749,8 @@ function copyInto(battle, t, src, scale, ranged) {
   const p = t.profile;
   if (p) {
     p.attack = ranged ? 'ranged' : 'melee';
-    p.projectile = ranged ? (sp.projectile && sp.projectile !== 'none' && sp.projectile !== 'orb' ? sp.projectile : 'bolt') : 'none';
+    // (a 阵法术师 / 轰击术师's instant 'beam' is their every-enemy-in-range shape: the copy fires a plain bolt)
+    p.projectile = ranged ? (sp.projectile && sp.projectile !== 'none' && sp.projectile !== 'orb' && sp.projectile !== 'beam' ? sp.projectile : 'bolt') : 'none';
     p.canHitFly = ranged ? true : !!sp.canHitFly;
     if (!(sp.dmgType === 'heal' || sp.dmgType === 'none' || sp.noAttack || sp.noAttackUnlessSkill)) p.dmgType = sp.dmgType;
     p.heal = null;
diff --git a/server/sim/content/tokens.js b/server/sim/content/tokens.js
index 7dd8b2d6..a49aa8a3 100644
--- a/server/sim/content/tokens.js
+++ b/server/sim/content/tokens.js
@@ -728,7 +728,9 @@ function applyManifoldCopy(battle, unit, target, scale) {
   const p = unit.profile;
   if (p) {
     p.attack = ranged ? 'ranged' : 'melee';
-    p.projectile = ranged ? (tp.projectile && tp.projectile !== 'none' && tp.projectile !== 'orb' ? tp.projectile : 'bolt') : 'none';
+    // the talent's list of copied attributes (生命上限 … 伤害类型) names no attack shape: a 阵法术师 / 轰击术师's instant
+    // 'beam' (rangeAoe: every enemy in range) becomes a plain single-target bolt, like a healer's orb
+    p.projectile = ranged ? (tp.projectile && tp.projectile !== 'none' && tp.projectile !== 'orb' && tp.projectile !== 'beam' ? tp.projectile : 'bolt') : 'none';
     p.canHitFly = ranged ? true : !!tp.canHitFly;
     // 初始伤害类型（不攻击、治疗类型则不继承）
     if (!(tp.dmgType === 'heal' || tp.dmgType === 'none' || tp.noAttack || tp.noAttackUnlessSkill)) p.dmgType = tp.dmgType;
diff --git a/server/sim/professions.js b/server/sim/professions.js
index 05223670..9c9659be 100644
--- a/server/sim/professions.js
+++ b/server/sim/professions.js
@@ -10,7 +10,9 @@
 //                             boomerang bool (回环射手: keeps 'boomerang')
 //   canHitFly bool            maxTargets n (≥1)          hitAllBlocked bool (attack every blocked enemy)
 //   allInRange bool (every enemy on the range at once)   splashRadius tiles (around the struck target)
-//   rangeAoe bool (a 锁定攻击范围 AoE without a projectile: allInRange, instant 'beam' hits)
+//   rangeAoe bool (a 锁定攻击范围 AoE without a projectile — SUB table or kit trait, applied by resolveProfile after
+//                  every override: allInRange + instant 'beam' hits on a ranged profile; only selectable enemies are
+//                  struck — a stealthed one is not, unless revealed or blocked; PRTS 作战机制 §AOE伤害判定)
 //   splashScale (× damage for splash victims)
 //   splashOthersOnly bool     groundOnly bool            hits n (damage instances per attack)
 //   chain {count, falloff, radius, sluggish}              heal {mode:'single'|'multi'|'chain', count, falloff, farMul, elementHealRatio}
@@ -300,12 +302,12 @@ export const SUB = Object.freeze({
       return front ? (unit.profile.frontScale ?? 1.5) : 1;
     } }),
   // --- CASTER
-  // "群体法术伤害" names two shapes: the 扩散术师 splash 1.1 tiles around the struck target (Arknights Terra Wiki, Splash
-  // Caster), while the 轰击术师 ("超远距离的群体法术伤害") and the 阵法术师 strike every enemy inside the attack range at
-  // once, the same damage near and far (Terra Wiki, Blast / Phalanx Caster; PRTS 作战机制 §AOE伤害判定: 伊芙利特's 炎爆 is a
-  // 锁定攻击范围 AoE) — community report E3 after 0.1.0
+  // "群体法术伤害" names two shapes: the 扩散术师 splash 1.1 tiles around the struck target (PRTS 溅射半径一览 — which lists
+  // no splash for the 阵法术师 / 轰击术师 — and Arknights Terra Wiki, Splash Caster), while the 轰击术师 ("超远距离的群体法术
+  // 伤害") and the 阵法术师 strike every enemy inside the attack range at once, the same damage near and far (Terra Wiki,
+  // Blast / Phalanx Caster; PRTS 作战机制 §AOE伤害判定: 伊芙利特's 炎爆 is a 锁定攻击范围 AoE) — community report E3 after 0.1.0
   splashcaster: P({ splashRadius: 1.1 }),
-  blastcaster: P({ allInRange: true, rangeAoe: true }),
+  blastcaster: P({ rangeAoe: true }),
   chain: P({ chain: { count: 3, falloff: 0.15, radius: 1.8, sluggish: 0.5 } }),
   funnel: P({ projectile: 'drone', install: installFunnel,
     dmgMul: (battle, unit, target) => {
@@ -316,7 +318,7 @@ export const SUB = Object.freeze({
     } }),
   mystic: P({ install: installMystic,
     hitsFn: (battle, unit) => { const n = 1 + (unit.trait.stored ?? 0); unit.trait.stored = 0; return n; } }),
-  phalanx: P({ noAttackUnlessSkill: true, allInRange: true, rangeAoe: true, install: installPhalanx }),
+  phalanx: P({ noAttackUnlessSkill: true, rangeAoe: true, install: installPhalanx }),
   primcaster: P({}),
   corecaster: P({}),
   // --- MEDIC
@@ -483,10 +485,6 @@ export function resolveProfile(def, kitTrait = null) {
   // a boomerang thrower (回环射手) always throws its boomerang: the data's generic ranged projectile ('arrow', a
   // build-data default) would turn the out-and-back flight into a plain shot
   if (p.boomerang && p.attack === 'ranged') p.projectile = 'boomerang';
-  // a 锁定攻击范围 AoE (阵法术师, 轰击术师) has no projectile: every enemy on the range is struck at the same moment
-  // ('beam' = instant hits, drawn as a line to each victim — PRTS 作战机制 "在攻击前摇结束时选取范围内的全体目标，同时
-  // 造成伤害"); the data's generic ranged projectile ('bolt') would land them one by one
-  if (p.rangeAoe && p.attack === 'ranged') p.projectile = 'beam';
   if (def.type === 'token') {
     if (p.dmgType === 'heal') p.heal = p.heal || { mode: 'single' };
     if (def.stats.atk <= 0) p.noAttack = true;
@@ -495,6 +493,13 @@ export function resolveProfile(def, kitTrait = null) {
   if (p.dmgType !== 'heal' && p.heal) p.heal = null;
   if (p.dmgType === 'none') p.noAttack = true;
   if (kitTrait) Object.assign(p, kitTrait);
+  // a 锁定攻击范围 AoE (阵法术师, 轰击术师) strikes every enemy on its range and has no projectile: they are struck at the
+  // same moment ('beam' = instant hits, drawn as a line to each victim — PRTS 作战机制 "在攻击前摇结束时选取范围内的全体
+  // 目标，同时造成伤害"); the data's generic ranged projectile ('bolt') would land them one by one
+  if (p.rangeAoe) {
+    p.allInRange = true;
+    if (p.attack === 'ranged') p.projectile = 'beam';
+  }
   return p;
 }
 
diff --git a/test/content/kits_alt_t4.test.js b/test/content/kits_alt_t4.test.js
index 63723dc9..98a5bac9 100644
--- a/test/content/kits_alt_t4.test.js
+++ b/test/content/kits_alt_t4.test.js
@@ -1053,13 +1053,13 @@ test('卡涅利安 S3 食噬之印: wider range, ATK ramps to +atk over the skil
     assert.ok(u.rangeKeys.length > n0);
     h.run(sk.duration / 2);
     approx(u.findBuff('billro:s3atk').mods.atkPct, bb.atk * 0.5, 0.02, `${id}: half-way ramp`);
-    const m = e.findBuff(`billro:mark:${u.id}`);
-    assert.ok(m && m.stacks === 5, `${id}: marks capped at 5 (${m?.stacks})`);
+    const m = e.findBuff('billro:mark');
+    assert.ok(m && m.stacks === 5 && m.source === u, `${id}: marks capped at 5 (${m?.stacks})`);
     const hits = dmgBy(h, u, (c) => c.dmg.isAttack && c.target === e);
     const last = hits[hits.length - 1];
     approx(last.amount / (u.s.atk), 1 + bb['attack@damage_scale'] * 5, 0.05, '+100 % with 5 marks');
     h.runUntil(() => !u.skill.active, sk.duration);
-    assert.ok(!e.findBuff(`billro:mark:${u.id}`), 'marks end with the skill');
+    assert.ok(!e.findBuff('billro:mark'), 'marks end with the skill');
     assert.ok(!u.findBuff('billro:s3atk'));
   }
 });
diff --git a/test/render/fxproj.test.js b/test/render/fxproj.test.js
index 84dee306..ef58e85c 100644
--- a/test/render/fxproj.test.js
+++ b/test/render/fxproj.test.js
@@ -199,14 +199,6 @@ describe('shots', () => {
     }
   });
 
-  test("an arts blastcaster's bomb explodes purple", () => {
-    const a = unit(1, 3, 10, { info: { defId: 'char_blast' } }), b = unit(2, 6, 10, { isEnemy: true });
-    const { fx } = makeFx({ views: [a, b] });
-    fx.ctx.subProfOf = (id) => (id === 'char_blast' ? 'blastcaster' : null);
-    fx.attack(a, b, 'bomb');
-    assert.equal(fx.projs[0].glow, 0xb36bff);
-  });
-
   test('chain / beam kinds are beams, melee shots are no projectile', () => {
     const a = unit(1, 3, 10), b = unit(2, 5, 10, { isEnemy: true });
     const { fx } = makeFx({ views: [a, b] });
diff --git a/test/sim/feedback1e-aoe.test.js b/test/sim/feedback1e-aoe.test.js
index 4c9e446f..b678e5e7 100644
--- a/test/sim/feedback1e-aoe.test.js
+++ b/test/sim/feedback1e-aoe.test.js
@@ -4,13 +4,18 @@
 // "对攻击范围内的每个可以被选中的敌人进行判定"; PRTS 林 S3 备注 "单次普攻最多触发1次效果" — one normal attack can kill
 // several), not one target plus a 1.1-tile splash. The same holds for the 轰击术师 line ("超远距离的群体法术伤害": every
 // enemy on the line — Terra Wiki Blast Caster; PRTS 作战机制: 伊芙利特's 炎爆 is a 锁定攻击范围 AoE), while the 扩散术师
-// "群体法术伤害" stays a splash of 1.1 tiles around the struck target (Terra Wiki Splash Caster). Real battles with the
-// real chess (every selectable attacking skill, normal + elite), counting the enemies each attack damages.
+// "群体法术伤害" stays a splash of 1.1 tiles around the struck target (PRTS 溅射半径一览 — no row for the 阵法术师 /
+// 轰击术师 — and Terra Wiki Splash Caster). Real battles with the real chess (every selectable attacking skill, normal +
+// elite), counting the enemies each attack damages. Her kit per PRTS 卡涅利安 备注: a charged S1 keeps the skill-off trait
+// (不攻击 + the guard), the charged S3 mark stacks before the damage and is one buff per enemy (the setter's bonus); a
+// 流形 copy takes no attack shape ('beam' → bolt); `rangeAoe` from any source means every enemy in range, instant.
 import { test } from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
 import { makeBattle, enemyRec, checkInvariants } from '../helpers/battleHarness.js';
 import { getDefaultSource, spawnsFromTemplate } from '../../server/sim/simdata.js';
+import { TOKEN_IDS } from '../../server/sim/content/tokens.js';
 import { effectiveProfile } from '../../server/sim/ai.js';
+import { resolveProfile } from '../../server/sim/professions.js';
 import { getData } from '../../server/data.js';
 
 const ds = getDefaultSource();
@@ -41,7 +46,7 @@ function hitsAll(id, skillIndex, pos, { equal = true, row = 10, col = 5 } = {})
   const u = h.unit(id);
   const es = pos.map((p) => h.spawn('enemy_dummy', { pos: p }));
   if (u.profile.noAttackUnlessSkill) {
-    u.skill.gainSp(u.skill.spCost * Math.max(1, u.skill.maxCharges || 1));
+    u.skill.gainSp(u.skill.spCost); // one charge: an uncharged cast (a charged 卡涅利安 S1 keeps the trait's 不攻击)
     assert.ok(h.runUntil(() => u.skill.active, 10), `${id}/${skillIndex}: skill on`);
   }
   for (const e of es) assert.ok(u.rangeKeys.includes(keyOf(e)), `${id}/${skillIndex}: enemy at ${e.y},${e.x} inside the range`);
@@ -180,3 +185,131 @@ test('E3 卡涅利安 S3 食噬之印 values: ATK climbs from +0 % in 1 s steps
     }
   }
 });
+
+test('E3 卡涅利安 S1 沙暴守卫 charged: the skill-off trait stays in force — the DEF/RES guard AND 不攻击 (PRTS 备注 "应用蓄力时：应用技能未开启时的特性"); uncharged she strikes every enemy in range', () => {
+  for (const id of ['chess_char_4_24_a', 'chess_char_4_24_b']) {
+    const h = makeBattle({ defs: { enemies: { enemy_dummy: dummy() } }, units: [{ chessId: id, row: 10, col: 5, skillIndex: 0 }], timeLimit: 120, hooks: ['damaged'], captureNoisy: true });
+    h.step();
+    const u = h.unit(id);
+    const es = SPREAD.map((p) => h.spawn('enemy_dummy', { pos: p }));
+    assert.equal(u.skill.maxCharges, 2, `${id}: S1 stores 2 charges`);
+    u.skill.gainSp(u.skill.spCost * u.skill.maxCharges); // every charge stored: the SEARCH cast is a charged one
+    assert.ok(h.runUntil(() => u.skill.active, 10), `${id}: charged S1 on`);
+    u.skill.charges = 0; // (the spare charge would re-cast as soon as it ends)
+    u.skill.sp = 0;
+    assert.ok(u.findBuff('billro:s1guard'), `${id}: charged — the trait guard stays`);
+    const t0 = h.b.time, dur = u.skill.timeLeft;
+    assert.ok(h.runUntil(() => !u.skill.active, dur + 1), `${id}: the charged S1 ends`);
+    assert.ok(h.b.time - t0 > dur - 0.1, `${id}: ran its ${dur} s`);
+    assert.equal(perAttack(h, u).size, 0, `${id}: no attack during a charged S1`);
+    // uncharged: the guard goes, every attack strikes all five enemies
+    u.skill.gainSp(u.skill.spCost);
+    assert.ok(h.runUntil(() => u.skill.active, 10), `${id}: uncharged S1 on`);
+    assert.ok(!u.findBuff('billro:s1guard'), `${id}: uncharged — no trait guard`);
+    h.run(5);
+    const atks = [...perAttack(h, u).values()];
+    assert.ok(atks.length >= 2, `${id}: uncharged S1 attacks (${atks.length})`);
+    for (const m of atks) assert.equal(m.size, es.length, `${id}: uncharged S1 strikes every enemy in range (${m.size}/${es.length})`);
+    checkInvariants(h.b);
+  }
+});
+
+/** `damage / ATK` of every normal attack `u` lands on `e` (0-RES dummy, ATK read at the hit). */
+function ratios(h, u, e) {
+  const out = [];
+  h.b.on('damaged', (c) => { if (c.source === u && c.target === e && c.dmg?.isAttack) out.push(c.amount / u.s.atk); }, { priority: -1000 });
+  return out;
+}
+
+test('E3 卡涅利安 S3 食噬之印 charged: each attack stacks the mark BEFORE its damage — ×1.2 on the first hit, ×2.0 from the 5th (PRTS 备注), normal + elite', () => {
+  for (const id of ['chess_char_4_24_a', 'chess_char_4_24_b']) {
+    const per = ds.getChess(id, { skillIndex: 2 }).skill.bb['attack@damage_scale'];
+    const h = makeBattle({ defs: { enemies: { enemy_dummy: dummy({ res: 0 }) } }, units: [{ chessId: id, row: 10, col: 5, skillIndex: 2 }], timeLimit: 120, hooks: [], captureNoisy: true });
+    h.step();
+    const u = h.unit(id);
+    const e = h.spawn('enemy_dummy', { pos: [10, 6] });
+    const r = ratios(h, u, e);
+    u.skill.addCharge(2);
+    assert.ok(u.skill.activate('test'));
+    u.skill.charges = 0;
+    u.skill.sp = 0;
+    assert.ok(h.runUntil(() => r.length >= 7, 20), `${id}: 7 hits (${r.length})`);
+    const want = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5].map((n) => 1 + per * n);
+    for (let i = 0; i < want.length; i++) assert.ok(Math.abs(r[i] - want[i]) < 1e-6, `${id}: hit ${i + 1} ×${r[i].toFixed(4)}, want ×${want[i].toFixed(2)}`);
+    assert.equal(e.findBuff('billro:mark').stacks, 5);
+    h.runUntil(() => !u.skill.active, 25);
+    assert.ok(!e.findBuff('billro:mark'), `${id}: the mark ends with her skill`);
+    // uncharged: no mark, no bonus
+    u.skill.gainSp(u.skill.spCost);
+    assert.ok(h.runUntil(() => u.skill.active, 10));
+    const n0 = r.length;
+    assert.ok(h.runUntil(() => r.length >= n0 + 2, 10));
+    for (const x of r.slice(n0)) assert.ok(Math.abs(x - 1) < 1e-6, `${id}: uncharged ×${x}`);
+    assert.ok(!e.findBuff('billro:mark'));
+  }
+});
+
+test('E3 卡涅利安 S3 charged: one mark per enemy — a second 卡涅利安 adds stacks without the bonus, the setter keeps it (PRTS 备注 popup)', () => {
+  const A = 'chess_char_4_24_a', B = 'chess_char_4_24_b';
+  const h = makeBattle({
+    defs: { enemies: { enemy_dummy: dummy({ res: 0 }) } }, timeLimit: 120, hooks: [], captureNoisy: true,
+    units: [{ chessId: A, row: 10, col: 5, skillIndex: 2 }, { chessId: B, row: 10, col: 7, skillIndex: 2 }],
+  });
+  h.step();
+  const a = h.unit(A), b = h.unit(B);
+  const e = h.spawn('enemy_dummy', { pos: [10, 6] }); // on both ranges
+  const ra = ratios(h, a, e), rb = ratios(h, b, e);
+  const charge = (u) => { u.skill.addCharge(2); assert.ok(u.skill.activate('test')); u.skill.charges = 0; u.skill.sp = 0; };
+  charge(a);
+  assert.ok(h.runUntil(() => ra.length >= 1, 5));
+  assert.equal(e.findBuff('billro:mark').source, a, 'set by the first');
+  charge(b);
+  assert.ok(h.runUntil(() => rb.length >= 4 && ra.length >= 4, 15));
+  const m = e.findBuff('billro:mark');
+  assert.equal(e.buffs.filter((x) => x.key === 'billro:mark').length, 1, 'one mark');
+  assert.equal(m.source, a, 'still the setter\'s');
+  assert.equal(m.stacks, 5, 'both stacked it');
+  for (const x of rb) assert.ok(Math.abs(x - 1) < 1e-6, `the second 卡涅利安 gets no bonus (×${x})`);
+  assert.ok(Math.abs(ra[ra.length - 1] - 2) < 1e-6, `the setter ×${ra[ra.length - 1]} with 5 stacks`);
+  // the setter's skill ends: her mark goes; the next charged hit of the other sets a mark of its own
+  a.skill.stop();
+  assert.ok(!e.findBuff('billro:mark'), 'the mark ends with the setter\'s skill');
+  const n0 = rb.length;
+  assert.ok(h.runUntil(() => rb.length > n0, 5));
+  assert.equal(e.findBuff('billro:mark').source, b);
+  assert.ok(Math.abs(rb[n0] - 1.2) < 1e-6, `its own mark ×${rb[n0]}`);
+  checkInvariants(h.b);
+});
+
+test('E3 audit: a 流形 copying a 阵法术师 / 轰击术师 fires a single-target bolt — the copy takes no attack shape (tokens.js and the 缪尔赛思 kit)', () => {
+  const MF = TOKEN_IDS.manifold;
+  for (const kit of ['managed', 'token']) {
+    for (const src of ['chess_char_4_10_a', 'chess_char_4_24_a']) {
+      const h = makeBattle({
+        defs: { enemies: { enemy_dummy: dummy() } }, timeLimit: 60, autoFinish: false, hooks: ['damaged'], captureNoisy: true,
+        ...(kit === 'token' ? { kits: { chess_char_6_11_a: () => ({ skill: null, talents: [], generic: true }) } } : {}),
+        units: [{ chessId: 'chess_char_6_11_a', row: 12, col: 2, uid: 1 }, { chessId: src, row: 12, col: 6, uid: 2 }, { kind: 'token', tokenId: MF, row: 9, col: 6, uid: 3, ownerUid: 1 }],
+      });
+      h.step();
+      const m = h.b.allyUnits.find((u) => u.defId === MF && u.alive);
+      assert.ok(h.runUntil(() => m.mem.mlyss || m.mem.copy, 10), `${kit}/${src}: copied`);
+      assert.equal((m.mem.mlyss || m.mem.copy).from ?? m.mem.copy?.id, h.unit(src).id);
+      assert.equal(m.profile.projectile, 'bolt', `${kit}/${src}: a bolt, not the instant 'beam'`);
+      assert.ok(!m.profile.allInRange && !m.profile.rangeAoe, `${kit}/${src}: single target`);
+    }
+  }
+});
+
+test('E3 profile: rangeAoe is applied after every override — from a kit trait too it means every enemy in range with instant hits', () => {
+  const def = { profession: 'CASTER', subProf: 'corecaster', attackKind: 'ranged', projectile: 'bolt', dmgType: 'arts', stats: { atk: 100 } };
+  const plain = resolveProfile(def);
+  assert.equal(plain.allInRange, false);
+  assert.equal(plain.projectile, 'bolt');
+  const aoe = resolveProfile(def, { rangeAoe: true });
+  assert.equal(aoe.allInRange, true);
+  assert.equal(aoe.projectile, 'beam');
+  for (const sub of ['phalanx', 'blastcaster']) {
+    const p = resolveProfile({ ...def, subProf: sub, attackKind: sub === 'phalanx' ? 'none' : 'ranged', projectile: sub === 'phalanx' ? 'none' : 'bolt' });
+    assert.deepEqual([p.rangeAoe, p.allInRange, p.projectile, p.splashRadius], [true, true, 'beam', 0], sub);
+  }
+});