diff --git a/docs/PLAYING.md b/docs/PLAYING.md
index 2717ca37..0081275f 100644
--- a/docs/PLAYING.md
+++ b/docs/PLAYING.md
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
 - **附加盟约**（精准、迅捷、灵巧、奥术、坚守、助力、远见、奇迹、投资人、突袭、不屈、调和、协防干员、独行、绝技）：多为 2 / 3 名激活；「独行」需要场上**恰好 1 名**，「绝技」按场上的精锐数量计算，没有势力盟约的干员算「协防干员」。
 - **本局禁用**：「标准模拟」与官方相同，关闭拉特兰、阿戈尔、卡西米尔、灵巧、奥术、奇迹、投资人、突袭、独行、绝技这 10 个盟约，它们不会激活。你有这些盟约的成员时（奇迹、投资人也算整备区里的成员），盟约栏末尾显示**灰色带 ✕ 的盟约图标和「本局禁用」**，干员卡、盟约标签和盟约详情也这样标注。「远见」「奇迹」「投资人」计入整备区，盟约详情的「成员」人数也一样计入整备区里的成员（临时整备区不算）。
 - **调和**：激活时，场上已有成员的核心盟约人数各 +1（只加 1 人，不论有几名调和干员）。盟约详情会写「含调和 +1」，成员列表上方列出带来这 1 人的调和干员（如缪尔赛思）。
-- **炎佑**：场上 6 名以上「炎」干员时召唤炎佑（9 名时两只）。它追踪全场仇恨最高的敌人并悬停在其上方，技能「祛恶之焰」锁定 1 个目标**持续喷火**（最长 20 秒，每秒对目标周围的敌人造成法术伤害并附带灼燃，喷火时不普攻，目标死亡或被沉默时结束）；场上暂时没有敌人时停在原地等待。它持有官方的「孤立」：医疗干员不会治疗它，友方的增益、光环和天赋也不会选中它（敌人照常可以攻击它）。
+- **炎佑**：场上 6 名以上「炎」干员时召唤炎佑（9 名时两只）。它追踪全场仇恨最高的敌人并悬停在其上方，技能「祛恶之焰」锁定 1 个目标**持续喷火**（最长 20 秒，每秒对目标周围的敌人造成法术伤害并附带灼燃，喷火时不普攻，目标死亡或被沉默时结束）；场上暂时没有敌人时停在原地等待。它持有官方的「孤立」：医疗干员不会治疗它，友方的增益、光环和天赋也不会选中它（敌人照常可以攻击它）。它是飞行单位：标注「不可对空」的敌人效果（高能源石虫 / 冰爆源石虫 / 卷心籽的死亡爆炸、水遁忍者的漩涡、鼎沸、“萨科塔昂首”的祈祷邀约、“斩胄之剑” / “破胄之锤”的攻击等）不会波及它。
 - **层数**：盟约通过各种效果叠加层数，层数越高效果越强（例如「炎」攻击力随层数提升、「远见」每 10 层给资金）。**层数整局保留，但只有盟约激活时才生效**，多数情况下也只有激活的盟约能叠层。每个盟约最多 **999 层**（与官方相同，取自官方客户端的常量）：到 999 后再获得的层数直接作废，按层数发放的奖励（如「远见」的资金）也随之停止。作战中获得的层数在盟约栏里**实时**显示，作战结束后一直保留到结算（联防期间也不会退回去）。「调和」「协防干员」「独行」「绝技」与官方一样**不显示层数**（盟约栏、详情和结算卡片都不显示），但叠层的特质 / 策略 / 装备照样给它们加层（PRTS 盟约记录：「部分盟约不会显示叠加层数，但是叠加层数的特质/策略/装备等效果仍然对其生效」），这些层数也计入激活层数总和；它们的效果本身与层数无关。
 - **特质在哪里生效**：「进入休整期时」「休整期结束时」「刷新时」的特质（详情卡的第一项）只在干员部署在作战区时生效；文字里写着「此干员在整备区时也有效」的拉普兰德、调香师、波登可，以及激活【炎】/【投资人】时的琳琅诗怀雅，在整备区里也生效（临时整备区不算），与官方数据一致；「获得时」「售出时」的特质在获得、售出的那一刻生效，不论干员在哪里。「远见」「奇迹」「投资人」的「整备区的…干员也可用于激活盟约」只是把整备区的成员算进人数，不会让赫默等干员的特质在整备区生效。写着「使已激活的…」的特质要求盟约当时已经激活：例如「叙拉古」只数作战区里不同的叙拉古干员，整备区里的拉普兰德不算在这 3 名里；拉普兰德每回合只在她经历的第一次主动刷新时叠层（免费刷新也算），那次刷新时叙拉古没有激活，这一回合就不会再叠。
 - **加成怎么叠**：盟约、策略、装备、机变卡和特质给的「攻击力 / 防御力 / 生命值 +X%」与技能的「攻击力 +X%」**相加**后再乘到属性上（官方：直接乘算），例如精准 +130%、独行 +60%、一件 +40% 的装备合计 +230%，而不是 ×2.3×1.6×1.4。「伤害提升至 X%」「受到的伤害 +X%」（维多利亚、谢拉格、奥术、脆弱等）这类伤害倍率之间仍然相乘；但同名效果只算一个——同一战场两名玩家都开了「奥术」时，敌人身上只挂一层奥术易伤，取两人中较高的那一个（不再相乘）；两名「灵知」的坚冰、两名「莱恩哈特」/「缄默德克萨斯」的法抗削减也一样只算最强的一个。「坚守」的反伤计入被打的那名成员（个人对领袖伤害统计里能看到）。
diff --git a/docs/SIM.md b/docs/SIM.md
index ea6a9d7b..84d44db9 100644
--- a/docs/SIM.md
+++ b/docs/SIM.md
@@ -362,6 +362,10 @@ one; the sourceless 毒雾 of 假想敌：蚀裂 skips a 隐匿 one but still re
 范围内的所有单位持续视为受到源石污染区影响，技力自然回复速度倍率-80%，每0.5秒受到50真实持续伤害（同类效果取最高）") is the same
 kind of damage — 无来源 true (like the terrain it stands for [ASSUMED]), the chimera credited — not a 流失 (player report
 D1 audit): radius 1.2, a tick every 0.5 s, one tick per unit per 0.5 s however many chimeras reach it (`mem.chimeraAt`).
+Every enemy effect PRTS marks "不可对空" skips a flying ally (the 炎佑 dragon, `isFlying`): the 死亡爆炸 of 高能源石虫 / 冰爆源石虫 /
+卷心籽 (archetypes.js `deathBoom`, `noAir` by default), 水遁忍者's 漩涡形态, 鼎沸's pulses, “萨科塔昂首”'s 祈祷邀约, the attack of
+“斩胄之剑” / “破胄之锤”, the splash and blast of 烹泉 / 沏虹, 庞贝's blast and 集团军重型火炮's shell and 燃烧区域 (the first six
+reached it until 0.2.1 — a community report).
 
 **Knock-outs that are not deaths** (`content/enemies/archetypes.js`; player reports after 0.1.0): a `killed` ability that keeps the
 enemy alive hides the knock-out from every later `kill` handler, the kill count, kill credit and the bounty — they all
diff --git a/server/sim/content/bosses.js b/server/sim/content/bosses.js
index eb3cd4be..8c7f663c 100644
--- a/server/sim/content/bosses.js
+++ b/server/sim/content/bosses.js
@@ -524,11 +524,12 @@ function kitBlade(ab, e, b, tpl) {
         // 自缚 (moved by hand) · 不可阻挡 · 失衡免疫 (PRTS 天赋 "{{特殊机制|静态刚体}}，不可阻挡、失衡免疫…" — data `staticBody` too)
         b2.addBuff(e2, { key: 'boss:anchor', persist: true, flags: { noMove: true, selfBound: true, unblockable: true, noDisplace: true } });
         if (BLADE_ATK_SCALE[e2.defId]) e2.profile.atkScale = BLADE_ATK_SCALE[e2.defId];
+        e2.profile.canTarget = (u) => !u.isFlying;   // "…不可对空" (below)
       },
-      // 范围物理伤害 — "普通攻击对攻击范围内的所有我方单位造成…物理普通伤害": a normal attack on every operator it can target
+      // 范围物理伤害 — "普通攻击对攻击范围内的所有我方单位造成…物理普通伤害，不可对空": a normal attack on every operator it can target
       // (canTargetAlly: no 隐匿 or 迷彩 one — it is never blocked —, PRTS 选择器: a normal attack does not ignore 迷彩; until
-      // 0.1.2 it took them all, `ranged: false`)
-      before(c, b2, e2) { const l = targetsNear(b2, e2, e2.base.rangeRadius || 1.6); if (l.length) c.targets = l; },
+      // 0.1.2 it took them all, `ranged: false`), never a flying ally (the 炎佑 dragon — until 0.2.1 it was hit)
+      before(c, b2, e2) { const l = targetsNear(b2, e2, e2.base.rangeRadius || 1.6).filter((u) => !u.isFlying); if (l.length) c.targets = l; },
       taken(c, b2, e2) {
         if (c.amount > 0) { // 受到伤害时令假想敌：胄受到等量的无来源生命流失 (【瘫痪】; 出击模式 [ASSUMED], see PART_TRANSFER)
           const L = leader(b2);
diff --git a/server/sim/content/enemies/archetypes.js b/server/sim/content/enemies/archetypes.js
index 19185942..a4e16b1c 100644
--- a/server/sim/content/enemies/archetypes.js
+++ b/server/sim/content/enemies/archetypes.js
@@ -181,15 +181,17 @@ const deathSpawn = (key, cnt, extra = {}) => ({
 
 /**
  * Death explosion on the allies within r it can select (areaAllies — PRTS 高能源石虫 / 冰爆源石虫 / 卷心籽 死亡爆炸 "…无视迷彩，
- * 不可对空", no 无视无法选择: a 隐匿 ally is spared; the dead enemy blocks nobody).
+ * 不可对空", no 无视无法选择: a 隐匿 ally is spared; the dead enemy blocks nobody). `noAir` (default — all three say so):
+ * a flying ally (the 炎佑 dragon) is skipped; until 0.2.1 it took the blast (community report: 炎祐吃到了不该吃到的地面伤害).
  */
-const deathBoom = ({ scale, type = 'phys', r = BOOM_RADIUS, status = null, sil = true, cond = null }) => ({
+const deathBoom = ({ scale, type = 'phys', r = BOOM_RADIUS, status = null, sil = true, cond = null, noAir = true }) => ({
   sil,
   death(c, b, e, a) {
     if (c.reason !== 'killed' || (cond && !cond(e, a))) return;
     const atk = e.s.atk;
     b.fx('explode', { x: e.x, y: e.y, r, kind: 'deathBoom', id: e.id });
     for (const u of areaAllies(b, e, e.x, e.y, r)) {
+      if (noAir && u.isFlying) continue;
       if (scale > 0) hurt(b, e, u, atk * scale, type);
       if (status && u.alive) b.applyStatus(u, status.key, { duration: status.dur, source: e, value: status.value });
     }
diff --git a/server/sim/content/enemies/dot.js b/server/sim/content/enemies/dot.js
index 9489e40d..9eebc0cb 100644
--- a/server/sim/content/enemies/dot.js
+++ b/server/sim/content/enemies/dot.js
@@ -128,7 +128,13 @@ export const DOT_KITS = Object.freeze({
     tick(b, e2) {
       const r = (e2.def.raw.stats && e2.def.raw.stats.rawRangeRadius) || 1.6;
       b.fx('explode', { x: e2.x, y: e2.y, r, kind: 'boil' });
-      for (const u of areaAllies(b, e2, e2.x, e2.y, r)) { hurt(b, e2, u, e2.s.atk * (T(ab, 'aoe.atk_scale') ?? 1), 'arts'); elem(b, e2, u, 'burn', e2.s.atk * (T(ab, 'aoe.ep_damage_ratio') ?? 0)); }
+      // PRTS 鼎沸 "攻击范围内的所有我方单位每秒受到…法术持续伤害与…灼燃损伤（不可对空）": never a flying ally (the 炎佑 dragon;
+      // until 0.2.1 it burned)
+      for (const u of areaAllies(b, e2, e2.x, e2.y, r)) {
+        if (u.isFlying) continue;
+        hurt(b, e2, u, e2.s.atk * (T(ab, 'aoe.atk_scale') ?? 1), 'arts');
+        elem(b, e2, u, 'burn', e2.s.atk * (T(ab, 'aoe.ep_damage_ratio') ?? 0));
+      }
     },
   }],
 });
diff --git a/server/sim/content/enemies/fly.js b/server/sim/content/enemies/fly.js
index 03d9ab6b..cc27640e 100644
--- a/server/sim/content/enemies/fly.js
+++ b/server/sim/content/enemies/fly.js
@@ -117,12 +117,13 @@ function kitSteal(ab) {
 }
 
 /** “萨科塔昂首” 【祈祷邀约】 (PRTS "令全场我方单位（不可对空，无视迷彩）获得15s【受邀祈祷】攻击速度-30"): a whole-field skill
- *  selection — every ally but an unblocking 隐匿 / untargetable / sleeping one (fieldAllies; no 无视无法选择). */
+ *  selection — every ally but an unblocking 隐匿 / untargetable / sleeping one (fieldAllies; no 无视无法选择) and, 不可对空, a
+ *  flying one (the 炎佑 dragon; until 0.2.1 it was slowed too). */
 function kitRoar(ab) {
   const s = ab.sk.Roar;
   return [selfFear(ab), skill(s, (b, e) => {
     b.fx('telegraph', { x: e.x, y: e.y, r: 99, kind: 'roar', id: e.id });
-    for (const u of fieldAllies(b, e)) b.addBuff(u, { key: 'ab:roar', duration: s.bb.duration ?? 0, refresh: 'extend', mods: { aspd: s.bb.attack_speed ?? 0 }, visible: true });
+    for (const u of fieldAllies(b, e)) if (!u.isFlying) b.addBuff(u, { key: 'ab:roar', duration: s.bb.duration ?? 0, refresh: 'extend', mods: { aspd: s.bb.attack_speed ?? 0 }, visible: true });
   }, { sil: true })];
 }
 
diff --git a/server/sim/content/enemies/special.js b/server/sim/content/enemies/special.js
index 0a64f969..1d1d8a22 100644
--- a/server/sim/content/enemies/special.js
+++ b/server/sim/content/enemies/special.js
@@ -379,10 +379,11 @@ export const SPECIAL_KITS = Object.freeze({
       fire(b, e, a) { a.until = b.time + (T(ab, 'EndRotate.rotate_duration') ?? 0); b.fx('telegraph', { x: e.x, y: e.y, r: 1, kind: 'spin', id: e.id }); },
       iv: T(ab, 'RotateDamage.interval') ?? 1,
       // "每秒对半径1.0范围内的所有我方单位造成…（无视迷彩，不可对空），自身受阻止攻击类异常效果影响期间无法造成此伤害": an area
-      // selection, skipped while 晕眩 / 冻结 / 浮空 (flag stun), 沉睡 or 缴械 hold it (PRTS 异常效果 §阻止攻击; until 0.1.3 it spun on)
+      // selection, skipped while 晕眩 / 冻结 / 浮空 (flag stun), 沉睡 or 缴械 hold it (PRTS 异常效果 §阻止攻击; until 0.1.3 it spun on);
+      // 不可对空: never a flying ally (the 炎佑 dragon — until 0.2.1 it was hit)
       tick(b, e, a) {
         if (!(a.until > b.time) || e.s.flags.stun || e.s.flags.sleep || e.s.flags.disarm) return;
-        for (const u of areaAllies(b, e, e.x, e.y, T(ab, 'RotateDamage.attack@range_radius') ?? 1)) hurt(b, e, u, e.s.atk * (T(ab, 'RotateDamage.attack@atk_scale') ?? 1), 'phys');
+        for (const u of areaAllies(b, e, e.x, e.y, T(ab, 'RotateDamage.attack@range_radius') ?? 1)) if (!u.isFlying) hurt(b, e, u, e.s.atk * (T(ab, 'RotateDamage.attack@atk_scale') ?? 1), 'phys');
       },
     };
     // 漩涡形态 "不进行普通攻击" (PRTS 天赋): no blocked attack while it spins (until 0.1.3 its blocker took both)
diff --git a/test/content/feedback7-yanyou-noair.test.js b/test/content/feedback7-yanyou-noair.test.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b0cf65fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/content/feedback7-yanyou-noair.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+// test/content/feedback7-yanyou-noair.test.js — 炎佑 is a flying ally (PRTS “炎佑” 行动方式 飞行): the enemy effects PRTS marks
+// 不可对空 never reach it (community report: 炎祐好像吃到了不该吃到的地面伤害). The death blasts of 高能源石虫 / 冰爆源石虫 /
+// 卷心籽 ("…无视迷彩，不可对空"), 水遁忍者's 漩涡形态 ("每秒对半径1.0范围内的所有我方单位造成…（无视迷彩，不可对空）"), “萨科塔昂首”'s
+// 祈祷邀约 ("令全场我方单位（不可对空，无视迷彩）获得15s【受邀祈祷】"), 鼎沸's pulses ("攻击范围内的所有我方单位每秒受到…（不可对空）")
+// and the attack of “斩胄之剑” / “破胄之锤” ("普通攻击对攻击范围内的所有我方单位造成…物理普通伤害，不可对空") took it until 0.2.1; a
+// ground operator in reach still does.
+// Run: node --test test/content/feedback7-yanyou-noair.test.js
+
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { makeBattle, checkInvariants } from '../helpers/battleHarness.js';
+import { spawnYanyou } from '../../server/sim/content/tokens.js';
+
+/** 角峰 on (10,5), the 炎佑 dragon moved onto (10,6). */
+function field(seed = 4) {
+  const h = makeBattle({ timeLimit: 60, autoFinish: false, seed, hooks: ['damaged'], captureNoisy: true,
+    units: [{ uid: 1, chessId: 'chess_char_1_02_a', row: 10, col: 5 }] });
+  h.step();
+  const dragon = spawnYanyou(h.b, 'p1', { count: 1 })[0];
+  assert.ok(dragon && dragon.isFlying, 'a flying ally');
+  assert.ok(h.b.relocate(dragon, 10, 6));
+  return { h, dragon, op: h.unit(1) };
+}
+const still = (e) => { e.base.moveSpeed = 0; e.s.moveSpeed = 0; };
+const tough = (e) => { e.base.maxHp = 1e9; e.s.maxHp = 1e9; e.hp = 1e9; };
+/** Damage `src` dealt to `t` other than its normal attacks. */
+const taken = (h, t, src) => h.hooksOf('damaged').filter((c) => c.target === t && c.source === src && !c.dmg?.isAttack).reduce((s, c) => s + c.amount, 0);
+
+for (const [name, key, prep] of [
+  ['高能源石虫', 'enemy_1021_bslime', null],
+  ['冰爆源石虫', 'enemy_1067_snslime', null],
+  ['卷心籽 (ignited)', 'enemy_10065_ftzlc', (e) => { e.mem.ab.ignited = true; }],
+]) {
+  test(`${name}'s death blast (不可对空) spares 炎佑 and still hits a ground operator`, () => {
+    const { h, dragon, op } = field();
+    const e = h.spawn(key, { pos: [10, 6] });
+    still(e);
+    if (prep) prep(e);
+    h.step();
+    const hp0 = dragon.hp;
+    h.b.dealDamage(null, e, { amount: e.hp + 10, type: 'true', tags: ['test'] });
+    h.run(0.3);
+    assert.equal(e.alive, false);
+    assert.ok(taken(h, op, e) > 0, 'the ground operator is hit');
+    assert.equal(taken(h, dragon, e), 0, 'the flyer is not');
+    assert.equal(dragon.hp, hp0);
+    if (key === 'enemy_1067_snslime') {
+      assert.ok(op.findBuff('cold'), '寒冷 on the ground operator');
+      assert.equal(dragon.findBuff('cold'), null, 'no 寒冷 on the flyer');
+    }
+    checkInvariants(h.b);
+  });
+}
+
+test('水遁忍者\'s 漩涡形态 (不可对空) hits the ground operator beside it, never 炎佑', () => {
+  const { h, dragon, op } = field(6);
+  const e = h.spawn('enemy_10116_ymgtop', { pos: [10, 6] });
+  still(e);
+  tough(e);
+  assert.ok(h.runUntil(() => taken(h, op, e) > 0, 40), 'the vortex reached the operator');
+  h.run(3);
+  assert.equal(taken(h, dragon, e), 0);
+  checkInvariants(h.b);
+});
+
+test('“萨科塔昂首”\'s 祈祷邀约 (不可对空) slows the ground operator, not 炎佑', () => {
+  const { h, dragon, op } = field(7);
+  const e = h.spawn('enemy_10085_hllevi_2', { pos: [10, 8] });
+  still(e);
+  tough(e);
+  assert.ok(h.runUntil(() => !!op.findBuff('ab:roar'), 40), 'the ground operator is invited');
+  assert.equal(dragon.findBuff('ab:roar'), null);
+  checkInvariants(h.b);
+});
+
+for (const [name, key] of [['鼎沸', 'enemy_10054_cjhot'], ['“斩胄之剑”', 'enemy_9014_acstma'], ['“破胄之锤”', 'enemy_9015_acstmb']]) {
+  test(`${name} (不可对空) hits the ground operator beside it, never 炎佑`, () => {
+    const { h, dragon, op } = field(8);
+    const e = h.spawn(key, { pos: [10, 6] });
+    still(e);
+    tough(e);
+    h.run(12);
+    const dealt = (t) => h.hooksOf('damaged').filter((c) => c.target === t && c.source === e).reduce((s, c) => s + c.amount, 0);
+    assert.ok(dealt(op) > 0, 'the ground operator is hit');
+    assert.equal(dealt(dragon), 0, 'the flyer is not');
+    checkInvariants(h.b);
+  });
+}