feedback2 docs: version 0.1.2 — package.json, package-lock.json, APP_VERSION, README badge and sentences, DEPLOY, CHANGELOG entry

The CHANGELOG 0.1.2 entry covers GitHub #16, #25, #32, #33, #35, #38, #42, #43, #44, #51, #52 and PR #27, #28, #29, #48 (and #40's test case);
#58 / #60 / #64 (DESIGN §22.14–§22.16) are added when their subsections land.

package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "stronghold-protocol-alliance",
-  "version": "0.1.1",
+  "version": "0.1.2",
   "private": true,
   "description": "明日方舟「卫戍协议：盟约」非官方同人联机网页复刻（1–4 人合作，Node.js 服务器 + 浏览器客户端）",
   "license": "GPL-3.0-or-later",