diff --git a/.env.example b/.env.example
index b109896..0b82226 100644
--- a/.env.example
+++ b/.env.example
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-# Backend origin only. The client appends /console/v1.
-# Leave empty when your reverse proxy serves the API on the same origin.
+# 仅填写后端源地址；客户端会追加 /console/v1。
+# 反向代理在前端同源地址提供接口时留空。
 NUXT_PUBLIC_API_BASE=
diff --git a/.prettierignore b/.prettierignore
index 2059b0c..8acd436 100644
--- a/.prettierignore
+++ b/.prettierignore
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Generated output and local-only reports are not source formatting targets.
+# 生成产物和仅供本地使用的报告不参与源码格式化。
 node_modules/
 .nuxt/
 .output/
@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ tests/fixtures/runs/
 docs/
 .claude/skills/crashwork-ops/
 
-# Preserve supplied static assets and npm's lockfile serialization.
+# 保留已有静态资源和 npm 锁文件的序列化格式。
 public/
 package-lock.json
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index cfdd717..487de5e 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -180,6 +180,9 @@ CHROME_PATH=/absolute/path/to/chrome npm test
 多数页面和组件保留恢复后的 Vue 渲染函数及部分短变量名；原始模板、注释和完整变量名无法从发布包完整找回。
 当前新增注释用于解释已核实的职责、流程和接口边界，不代表找回了原作者的注释，也不代表全站重新手写。
 
+项目自有代码的说明性注释统一使用中文，提交信息也统一使用中文。
+变量名、接口字段、工具指令和第三方版权声明保留原样；注释应解释意图与约束，避免逐行复述代码。
+
 维护时直接修改当前源码并正常构建，不要编辑生成的哈希产物。
 `scripts/reconstruct.mjs` 仅是一次性导入留档，不是开发或发布步骤，且会拒绝覆盖现有页面；
 不要使用不可信的第三方发布产物运行该脚本。
diff --git a/app/assets/styles/deni.css b/app/assets/styles/deni.css
index c41240b..ec0a70a 100644
--- a/app/assets/styles/deni.css
+++ b/app/assets/styles/deni.css
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * Deni shell adapted from OpenVue Foundation Deni (MIT), commit
  * 72156473d5f73a26f97d35aa5fed3a96059779ef:
  * src/assets/styles/_layout.scss, _sidebar.scss, _topbar.scss.
- * Nuxt route slots, measured maintenance offset and accessible mobile focus remain local.
+ * Nuxt 路由插槽、维护横幅偏移测量及移动端无障碍焦点管理保留本地实现。
  */
 .deni-layout {
   min-height: 100dvh;
diff --git a/app/components/PaymentDialog.vue b/app/components/PaymentDialog.vue
index e6ed377..351ad83 100644
--- a/app/components/PaymentDialog.vue
+++ b/app/components/PaymentDialog.vue
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ var ue = {
           }
           async function Ht() {
             // 打开支付面板时并行读取订单、账户余额与渠道；订单类型决定是否再加载代金券。
-            // A visible dialog can outlive session invalidation until route teardown.
+            // 会话失效后，支付弹窗可能直到路由卸载时才关闭，不能仅凭可见状态继续初始化。
             if (!Dt.isLoggedIn) return;
             let e = x.orderId,
               t = X;
diff --git a/app/config/openvue.js b/app/config/openvue.js
index 66318d8..c4cf20f 100644
--- a/app/config/openvue.js
+++ b/app/config/openvue.js
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { definePreset } from "@openvue/themes";
 import Aura from "@openvue/themes/aura";
 import locale from "./locale.zh-CN.json";
 
-// Use the MIT theme package, with the console's blue/slate/zinc palette.
+// 使用 MIT 许可的主题包，并采用控制台的 blue/slate/zinc 配色。
 // 只覆盖 Aura 的语义色阶，保留组件自身设计令牌；浅色用 slate，深色用 zinc。
 const preset = definePreset(Aura, {
   semantic: {
diff --git a/app/lib/auth.js b/app/lib/auth.js
index be61a5e..fa6a36f 100644
--- a/app/lib/auth.js
+++ b/app/lib/auth.js
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ async function withRequestDeadline(
     }, duration);
   });
   try {
-    // The deadline also covers response-body decoding and any purchase preflight.
+    // 截止时间也覆盖响应体解码和购买预检。
     return await Promise.race([
       Promise.resolve().then(() => operation(controller.signal)),
       deadline,
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ function useApi() {
 
   /** JSON 请求主路径：固定本次身份和请求体 → 必要时限购预检 → 请求 → 验证信封。 */
   async function request(method, path, options = {}) {
-    // Capture identity before the first await, including when logout clears it immediately.
+    // 在首次 await 前捕获身份，包括退出登录立即清除身份的情况。
     const requestToken = auth.token;
     const headers = { Accept: "application/json" };
     if (requestToken) headers.Authorization = `Bearer ${requestToken}`;
@@ -876,7 +876,7 @@ const useAuth = defineStore("auth", () => {
 
   // 本地退出立即生效，不等待远端吊销成功；请求已同步捕获旧 Bearer，不会误用新身份。
   function logout() {
-    // request() captures the original Bearer synchronously; remote revocation never owns local logout.
+    // request() 同步捕获原始 Bearer 凭证；远端吊销不决定本地退出是否生效。
     const revocation = useApi().post("/logout");
     clear();
     void revocation.catch(() => {});
diff --git a/app/middleware/auth.global.js b/app/middleware/auth.global.js
index f983285..6cf8570 100644
--- a/app/middleware/auth.global.js
+++ b/app/middleware/auth.global.js
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ export default defineNuxtRouteMiddleware((to) => {
       );
       const query = { ...to.query };
       delete query.queryParam;
-      // Canonicalize the router location too; mutating query alone leaves fullPath with the credential.
+      // 同时规范化路由地址；仅修改 query 会让 fullPath 仍保留凭证。
       return navigateTo(
         { path: "/home.htm", query, hash: to.hash },
         { replace: true },
diff --git a/app/pages/home.htm.vue b/app/pages/home.htm.vue
index c8b2523..efcc67d 100644
--- a/app/pages/home.htm.vue
+++ b/app/pages/home.htm.vue
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ async function verifyAndEnterConsole() {
   isVerifying.value = true;
   verificationError.value = "";
   try {
-    // The route guard owns credential extraction; this page never reads it from the URL.
+    // 凭据提取由路由守卫负责，本页不再从 URL 读取。
     await auth.verifyLegacyLogin();
     if (!disposed) await router.replace("/");
   } catch (error) {
diff --git a/app/pages/login.vue b/app/pages/login.vue
index 3b038d0..d2c969d 100644
--- a/app/pages/login.vue
+++ b/app/pages/login.vue
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ async function confirmSecurityVerification(verification) {
     credentials.type === "password" &&
     captchaNeeded.value
   ) {
-    // Certification returns to this form for a fresh CAPTCHA before continuing the same login.
+    // 实名认证挑战后先回到当前表单刷新并完成验证码，再续交同一次登录。
     pendingVerification.value = { ...verification };
     securityDialogVisible.value = false;
     errorMessage.value = "";
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ async function submitLogin() {
           </div>
           <div v-if="loginMode === 'code'" class="field">
             <label for="login-code">验证码</label>
-            <!-- Retain the deployed scoped selectors without changing the shared stylesheet. -->
+            <!-- 保留已部署样式的作用域标记，不改动共享样式表。 -->
             <div class="code-row" data-v-7896f676>
               <InputText
                 id="login-code"
diff --git a/app/pages/security/ssh-keys/index.vue b/app/pages/security/ssh-keys/index.vue
index 9bd9c9d..d6ff0c3 100644
--- a/app/pages/security/ssh-keys/index.vue
+++ b/app/pages/security/ssh-keys/index.vue
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ async function loadSearchResults() {
   searchLoading.value = true;
   listError.value = "";
   try {
-    // Search owns the complete result set; only visibleRows applies local pagination.
+    // 搜索负责收集完整结果，仅由 visibleRows 执行本地分页。
     const completeRows = await loadCompleteList(
       (page, limit) => api.get("/ssh_key", { page, limit }),
       isCurrent,
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ async function copyPublicKey(key) {
     copiedKeyId.value = key.id;
     copyResetTimer = setTimeout(() => (copiedKeyId.value = null), 2000);
   } catch {
-    // Clipboard access can be unavailable; the public key remains selectable.
+    // 剪贴板权限或接口可能不可用，用户仍可手工选择并复制公钥。
   }
 }
 
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ onBeforeUnmount(() => {
 </script>
 
 <template>
-  <!-- Keep the imported page styles scoped, including the teleported editor. -->
+  <!-- 保留导入样式的页面作用域，包括渲染到页面外部的编辑弹窗。 -->
   <div class="list-page" data-v-31489433>
     <div class="list-head" data-v-31489433>
       <h2 data-v-31489433>SSH 密钥</h2>
diff --git a/app/plugins/03-session.client.js b/app/plugins/03-session.client.js
index cac6c8e..dd9f8ec 100644
--- a/app/plugins/03-session.client.js
+++ b/app/plugins/03-session.client.js
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ export default defineNuxtPlugin({
         (event.key !== null && event.key !== "jwt")
       )
         return;
-      // Read the latest value: several storage events may already be queued.
+      // 读取最新值：此时可能已有多个 storage 事件排队。
       const persisted = localStorage.getItem("jwt");
       if (persisted === auth.token) return;
       if (isValidJwt(persisted)) auth.prepareLogin().commit(persisted);
diff --git a/scripts/check-source.mjs b/scripts/check-source.mjs
index 4378b9e..f5c0671 100644
--- a/scripts/check-source.mjs
+++ b/scripts/check-source.mjs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ function existsModule(file) {
 }
 function checkImport(source, owner) {
   // # 开头的虚拟模块由 Nuxt 生成，本地文件与 npm 包则分别核对实际路径及依赖声明。
-  if (source.startsWith("#")) return; // Nuxt-generated public/virtual modules.
+  if (source.startsWith("#")) return; // Nuxt 生成的公共/虚拟模块。
   if (source.startsWith("~/")) {
     if (!existsModule(path.join(root, "app", source.slice(2))))
       failures.push(`${owner}: missing ${source}`);
diff --git a/scripts/reconstruct.mjs b/scripts/reconstruct.mjs
index a48dd02..bf21b93 100644
--- a/scripts/reconstruct.mjs
+++ b/scripts/reconstruct.mjs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/** One-time source reconstruction. Input is explicit; generated app has no runtime link to it. */
+/** 一次性源码重建；输入显式指定，生成的应用运行时不依赖该输入。 */
 /**
  * 一次性重建留档，不参与日常开发、构建或发布。
  * 输入必须是可信的自有 Nuxt 发布目录：脚本会 import 其中的元数据，因此不是安全的第三方解包器。
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ for (const [source, mod] of own) {
     label: path.basename(source, ".vue"),
   });
 }
-// Official libraries replace bundled copies. Resolve tiny re-export wrappers first.
+// 使用官方库替换内嵌副本，先解析仅重导出的轻量包装模块。
 for (const [source, mod] of Object.entries(pc.modules)) {
   if (!source.includes("/node_modules/") || mod.resourceType !== "script")
     continue;
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ for (const [source, mod] of Object.entries(pc.modules)) {
       label: npm.split("/").at(-1),
     });
 }
-// The existing chart component is recovered separately; ECharts stays a library dependency.
+// 现有图表组件单独恢复；ECharts 仍作为库依赖。
 const chartOwner = [...owners.entries()].find(
   ([, v]) => v.source === "components/ChartBox.vue",
 );
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ async function add(file, code, parser) {
   });
   patchFiles.push({ file, code: formatted });
 }
-// Save route metadata without compiled preload machinery; Nuxt owns the new module graph.
+// 保存路由元数据，不保留编译后的预加载机制；新模块依赖图由 Nuxt 管理。
 const entry = asts.get("CNMaXYQo.js");
 let routes;
 traverse(entry, {
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ while (pending.length) {
   }
   if (file === "BLvPXbVl.js") {
     // 针对此发布包剥离内嵌的 Pinia/密码库实现，保留业务逻辑并接回正式 npm 依赖。
-    // Business logic only; Pinia, file downloads and cryptography are npm dependencies.
+    // 仅恢复业务逻辑；Pinia、文件下载和密码学功能通过 npm 依赖提供。
     let keep = false;
     const body = [];
     for (const n of ast.program.body) {
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ while (pending.length) {
       },
     });
   }
-  // Discard old dependency indexes: Vite reconstructs preload URLs from new imports.
+  // 丢弃旧依赖索引；Vite 根据新导入重建预加载地址。
   traverse(ast, {
     CallExpression(p) {
       if (t.isIdentifier(p.node.callee, { name: "__vite__mapDeps" }))
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ while (pending.length) {
         }
         stmt.replaceWithMultiple(imports);
       }
-      // Semantic exported API names are stable throughout the reconstructed project.
+      // 语义化导出接口名在整个重建工程中保持稳定。
       for (const s of p.node.body)
         if (t.isExportNamedDeclaration(s))
           for (const spec of s.specifiers) {
@@ -619,7 +619,7 @@ for (const { file, code } of patchFiles) {
   });
   if (result.status !== 0) throw Error(result.stdout + result.stderr);
 }
-// Static binary assets retain their deployed paths; no JS bundle is copied.
+// 静态二进制资源保留原部署路径，不复制任何 JS 构建包。
 const cssFiles = [
   // 样式保留发布版 scope 选择器，避免在模板已丢失时重新分配作用域导致外观失配。
   ...new Set(
diff --git a/tests/review-auth-hardening.e2e.test.mjs b/tests/review-auth-hardening.e2e.test.mjs
index db044ab..2f445c3 100644
--- a/tests/review-auth-hardening.e2e.test.mjs
+++ b/tests/review-auth-hardening.e2e.test.mjs
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 /**
- * Failure modes recorded before the fixes:
- * - Certification HTML must keep its QR-refresh script, without reading or writing the console parent.
- * - Receiving a QR URL is not evidence that an image loaded; pending/broken images must not start login polling.
- * - A broken image needs an accessible error and a retry, and a fresh loaded image must still permit normal login.
- * All scenarios enter the actual built pages and replace only the external HTTP service or browser clock.
+ * 修复前记录的失败场景：
+ * - 实名认证 HTML 应保留二维码刷新脚本，但不能读写控制台父页面。
+ * - 收到二维码地址不等于图片已加载；图片等待或损坏时不得开始登录轮询。
+ * - 图片损坏时应提供可访问的错误提示和重试入口；新图片加载成功后仍应允许正常登录。
+ * 所有场景均进入实际构建的页面，仅替换外部 HTTP 服务或浏览器时钟。
  */
 import assert from "node:assert/strict";
 import { test } from "node:test";
diff --git a/tests/review-certification-summary.e2e.test.mjs b/tests/review-certification-summary.e2e.test.mjs
index f54e9a9..1d06810 100644
--- a/tests/review-certification-summary.e2e.test.mjs
+++ b/tests/review-certification-summary.e2e.test.mjs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /**
- * Certification summaries must preserve the API state instead of treating every nonzero status as approval.
- * Gap: home and the real-name page were never exercised with the same failed/submitted/review payload.
- * Only the external HTTP backend is replaced; login, home tiles, real-name routes and certification forms stay real.
+ * 认证摘要必须保留接口状态，不能把所有非零状态都视为认证通过。
+ * 原有回归缺口：首页与实名认证页面此前未使用相同的失败、已提交、审核中响应进行对照验收。
+ * 仅替换外部 HTTP 后端；登录、首页卡片、实名认证路由与认证表单均使用实际实现。
  */
 import assert from "node:assert/strict";
 import test from "node:test";
diff --git a/tests/review-page-ownership.e2e.test.mjs b/tests/review-page-ownership.e2e.test.mjs
index 417e2f3..c9b1f8f 100644
--- a/tests/review-page-ownership.e2e.test.mjs
+++ b/tests/review-page-ownership.e2e.test.mjs
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ async function releaseResponse(page, release, path) {
   );
   release.resolve();
   await (await response).finished();
-  // Absence assertions observe a bounded idle window after the real fetch has completed.
+  // 真实请求完成后，在有界的空闲观察窗口内断言后续工作未发生。
   await page.waitForLoadState("networkidle");
 }